كتاب السير عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم

The Book on Military Expeditions

Jami' al-Tirmidhi Book 21 83 Hadiths

Chapter 1

What Has Been Related About Calling (To Islam) Before Fighting

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الدَّعْوَةِ قَبْلَ الْقِتَالِ

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1548
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، أَنَّ جَيْشًا، مِنْ جُيُوشِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ أَمِيرَهُمْ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ حَاصَرُوا قَصْرًا مِنْ قُصُورِ فَارِسَ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَلاَ نَنْهَدُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ دَعُونِي أَدْعُهُمْ كَمَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَدْعُوهُمْ ‏.‏ فَأَتَاهُمْ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ فَارِسِيٌّ تَرَوْنَ الْعَرَبَ يُطِيعُونَنِي فَإِنْ أَسْلَمْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي لَنَا وَعَلَيْكُمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْنَا وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ إِلاَّ دِينَكُمْ تَرَكْنَاكُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَأَعْطُونَا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَأَنْتُمْ صَاغِرُونَ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَرَطَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ وَأَنْتُمْ غَيْرُ مَحْمُودِينَ ‏.‏ وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ نَابَذْنَاكُمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ ‏.‏ قَالُوا مَا نَحْنُ بِالَّذِي نُعْطِي الْجِزْيَةَ وَلَكِنَّا نُقَاتِلُكُمْ ‏.‏ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَلاَ نَنْهَدُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ فَدَعَاهُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا ثُمَّ قَالَ انْهَدُوا إِلَيْهِمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَنَهَدْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَفَتَحْنَا ذَلِكَ الْقَصْرَ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ وَالنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ وَحَدِيثُ سَلْمَانَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ ‏.‏ وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَقُولُ أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ سَلْمَانَ لأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَلِيًّا وَسَلْمَانُ مَاتَ قَبْلَ عَلِيٍّ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى هَذَا وَرَأَوْا أَنْ يُدْعَوْا قَبْلَ الْقِتَالِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ إِنْ تُقُدِّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي الدَّعْوَةِ فَحَسَنٌ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ أَهْيَبَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لاَ دِعْوَةَ الْيَوْمَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ لاَ أَعْرِفُ الْيَوْمَ أَحَدًا يُدْعَى ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لاَ يُقَاتَلُ الْعَدُوُّ حَتَّى يُدْعَوْا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْجَلُوا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَقَدْ بَلَغَتْهُمُ الدَّعْوَةُ ‏.‏
Abu Al-Bakhtari:

"An Army from the armies of the Muslims, whose commander was Salman Al-Farisi, besieged one of the Persian castles. They said: 'O Abu 'Abdullah! Should we charge them?' He said: 'Leave me to call them (to Islam) as I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) call them.' So Salman went to them and said: 'I am only a man from among you, a Persian, and you see that the Arabs obey me. If you become Muslims then you will have the likes of what we have, and from you will be required that which is required from us. If you refuse, and keep your religion, then we will leave you to it, and you will give us the Jizyah from your hands while you are submissive.' He said to them in Persian: 'And you are other than praiseworthy and if you refuse then we will equally resist you.' They said: 'We will not give you the Jizyah, we will fight you instead.' So they said: 'O Abu 'Abdullah! Should we charge them?' He said: 'No.'" He said: "So for three days he called them to the same (things), and then he said: 'Charge them.'" He said: "So we charged them, and we conquered the castle."

Chapter 2

The Prohibition Of Attacking If A Masjid Is Seen Or The Adhan Is Heard

باب ‏

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1549
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَدَنِيُّ الْمَكِّيُّ، - وَيُكْنَى بِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُسَاحِقٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِصَامٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَكَانَتْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا بَعَثَ جَيْشًا أَوْ سَرِيَّةً يَقُولُ لَهُمْ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ وَهُوَ حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ ‏.‏
"‏ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مَسْجِدًا أَوْ سَمِعْتُمْ مُؤَذِّنًا فَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا أَحَدًا ‏"
Ibn 'Asim Al-Muzani:

From his father and he was a Companion who said: "When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) dispatched any army or battalion, he would say to them: 'If you see a Masjid, or hear someone calling the Adhan, then do not kill anyone.'"

Chapter 3

Regarding Nighttime And Surprise Attacks

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْبَيَاتِ وَالْغَارَاتِ‏

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1550
حَدَّثَنَا الأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ خَرَجَ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ أَتَاهَا لَيْلاً وَكَانَ إِذَا جَاءَ قَوْمًا بِلَيْلٍ لَمْ يُغِرْ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ خَرَجَتْ يَهُودُ بِمَسَاحِيهِمْ وَمَكَاتِلِهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ قَالُوا مُحَمَّدٌ وَافَقَ وَاللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْخَمِيسَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏
"‏ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ ‏"
Anas:

"When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out for Khaibar, he approached it at night and when he came to a people during the night, he would not attack them until morning. So when the morning came, the Jews came out with their shovels and baskets, then when they saw him, they said: 'Muhammad! By Allah Muhammad has come with the Khamis (an army).' So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Allahu Akbar! Khaibar is destroyed, for whenever we approach the land of people - then what an evil morning for those who have been warned.'"
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1551
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا ظَهَرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَقَامَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلاَثًا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَحَدِيثُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رَخَّصَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْغَارَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَأَنْ يَبِيتُوا وَكَرِهَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُبَيَّتَ الْعَدُوُّ لَيْلاً ‏.‏ وَمَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ وَافَقَ مُحَمَّدٌ الْخَمِيسَ يَعْنِي بِهِ الْجَيْشَ ‏.‏
Abu Talhah:

"When the Prophet (ﷺ) overtook a people he would stay at the outskirts of their city for three nights."

Chapter 4

Regarding Burning And Destroying

باب فِي التَّحْرِيقِ وَالتَّخْرِيبِ ‏‏

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1552
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَرَّقَ نَخْلَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقَطَعَ وَهِيَ الْبُوَيْرَةُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ‏:‏ ‏(‏ مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِيَ الْفَاسِقِينَ ‏)‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِلَى هَذَا وَلَمْ يَرَوْا بَأْسًا بِقَطْعِ الأَشْجَارِ وَتَخْرِيبِ الْحُصُونِ ‏.‏ وَكَرِهَ بَعْضُهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ ‏.‏ قَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَنَهَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ يَزِيدَ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ شَجَرًا مُثْمِرًا أَوْ يُخَرِّبَ عَامِرًا وَعَمِلَ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بَعْدَهُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لاَ بَأْسَ بِالتَّحْرِيقِ فِي أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ وَقَطْعِ الأَشْجَارِ وَالثِّمَارِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ وَقَدْ تَكُونُ فِي مَوَاضِعَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ مِنْهُ بُدًّا فَأَمَّا بِالْعَبَثِ فَلاَ تُحَرَّقُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ التَّحْرِيقُ سُنَّةٌ إِذَا كَانَ أَنْكَى فِيهِمْ ‏.‏
Ibn 'Umar:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) burnt the palm trees of Bani Nadir and cut them down at Al-Buwairah. So Allah revealed: Whatever you cut down of their palm trees, or you left them standing on their trunks, then it was by the permission of Allah, and in the order to disgrace the rebellious.(59:5)"
Quran References:
Surah 59:5

Chapter 5

What Has Been Related About The Spoils Of War

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ ‏‏

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1553
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ سَيَّارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَأَبِي مُوسَى وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَسَيَّارٌ هَذَا يُقَالُ لَهُ سَيَّارٌ مَوْلَى بَنِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ‏.‏ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَحِيرٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ ‏.‏
"‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَضَّلَنِي عَلَى الأَنْبِيَاءِ أَوْ قَالَ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الأُمَمِ وَأَحَلَّ لَنَا الْغَنَائِمَ ‏"
Abu Umamah:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Verily, Allah has honored me over the (other) Prophets" - or he said: "My nation over the nations, and He has made the spoils of war lawful for us."
Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1553
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ فُضِّلْتُ عَلَى الأَنْبِيَاءِ بِسِتٍّ أُعْطِيتُ جَوَامِعَ الْكَلِمِ وَنُصِرْتُ بِالرُّعْبِ وَأُحِلَّتْ لِيَ الْغَنَائِمُ وَجُعِلَتْ لِيَ الأَرْضُ مَسْجِدًا وَطَهُورًا وَأُرْسِلْتُ إِلَى الْخَلْقِ كَافَّةً وَخُتِمَ بِيَ النَّبِيُّونَ ‏"
Another chain from Abu Hurairah who narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:

"I have been honored over the Prophets with six (things): I have been given Jawami' Al-Kalam, I have been aided by (the ability to cause in the enemy) fright, the spoils of war have been made lawful for me, the Earth has been made as a Masjid and purifier for me, and I have been sent to all creatures, and with me Prophethood is sealed."

Chapter 6

The Shares Given For The Horse

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي سَهْمِ الْخَيْلِ ‏‏

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1554
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمُ بْنُ أَخْضَرَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَسَمَ فِي النَّفَلِ لِلْفَرَسِ بِسَهْمَيْنِ وَلِلرَّجُلِ بِسَهْمٍ ‏.‏
Ibn 'Umar:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) divided the spoils as two shares for the horse and one share for the man."
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1554
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ أَخْضَرَ، نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ مُجَمِّعِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ، وَابْنِ، عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالأَوْزَاعِيِّ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ قَالُوا لِلْفَارِسِ ثَلاَثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ سَهْمٌ لَهُ وَسَهْمَانِ لِفَرَسِهِ وَلِلرَّاجِلِ سَهْمٌ ‏.‏
Another chain with similar meaning. There are narrations on this topic from Mujammi' bin Jariyah, Ibn 'Abbas, and Ibn Abi 'Amrah from his father. This Hadith of Ibn 'Umar is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) and others. This is the view of Sufyan At-Thawri, Al-Awzai', Malik bin Anas, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad and Ishaq. They said that the horsemen gets three shares, one share is for him and two shares for his horse. The foot soldiers get one share.

Chapter 7

What Has Been Related About The Saraya (Military Unit)

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي السَّرَايَا ‏‏

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1555
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الأَزْدِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ لاَ يُسْنِدُهُ كَبِيرُ أَحَدٍ غَيْرُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ وَإِنَّمَا رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُرْسَلاً ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ حِبَّانُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْعَنَزِيُّ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ وَرَوَاهُ اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُرْسَلاً ‏.‏
"‏ خَيْرُ الصَّحَابَةِ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَخَيْرُ السَّرَايَا أَرْبَعُمِائَةٍ وَخَيْرُ الْجُيُوشِ أَرْبَعَةُ آلاَفٍ وَلاَ يُغْلَبُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفًا مِنْ قِلَّةٍ ‏"
Ibn 'Abbas:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The best companions are four, the best Saraya (military unit) is four hundred, the best army is four thousand, and twelve thousand will not be beaten due to being too few." This Hadith is Hasan Gharib, it was not narrated with a chain by anyone important besides Jarir bin Hazim, and this Hadith was only reported from Az-Zuhri, from the Prophet (ﷺ) in Mursal form. Hibban bin 'Ali Al-'Anazi reported it from 'Uqail, from Az-Zuhri, from 'Ubaidullah, from 'Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (ﷺ), and Al-Laith bin Sa'd reported it from Sa'd, from 'Uqail, from Az-Zuhri, from the Prophet (ﷺ) in the Mursal form.

Chapter 8

About Who Is Given Spoils Of War (Al-Fay')

باب مَا جَاءَ مَنْ يُعْطَى الْفَىْءُ ‏‏

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1556
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ الْحَرُورِيَّ، كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ وَهَلْ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ كَتَبْتَ إِلَىَّ تَسْأَلُنِي هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ وَكَانَ يَغْزُو بِهِنَّ فَيُدَاوِينَ الْمَرْضَى وَيُحْذَيْنَ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ وَأَمَّا يُسْهِمُ فَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَأُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُسْهَمُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ وَالصَّبِيِّ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ قَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَأَسْهَمَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِلصِّبْيَانِ بِخَيْبَرَ وَأَسْهَمَتْ أَئِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِكُلِّ مَوْلُودٍ وُلِدَ فِي أَرْضِ الْحَرْبِ ‏.‏ قَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَأَسْهَمَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِلنِّسَاءِ بِخَيْبَرَ وَأَخَذَ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بَعْدَهُ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ خَشْرَمٍ حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ بِهَذَا ‏.‏ وَمَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ وَيُحْذَيْنَ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ يَقُولُ يُرْضَخُ لَهُنَّ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ يُعْطَيْنَ شَيْئًا ‏.‏
Yazid bin Hurmuz:

That Najdah Al-Haruri wrote to Ibn 'Abbas asking if the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would fight along with women, and if he would fix a share of the spoils of war for them. Ibn 'Abbas wrote to him: "You wrote to me asking me if the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would fight along with women. He did fight along with them, as they would treat the wounded. They received something from the spoils of war, but as for their share, then he did not fix a share for them." There is something on this topic from Anas and Umm 'Atiyyah. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge. It is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and Ash-Shafi'i. Some of them said that a share is given to the woman and the boy, and this is the view of Al-Awza'i. Al-Awza'i said: The Prophet (ﷺ) gave a portion to the boys at Khaibar, and the Aimmah of the Muslims gave a portion to every child born in the land of war." Al-Awza'i said: "The Prophet (ﷺ) gave a portion to the women at Khaibar, and that was followed by the Muslims after him." This was narrated to us by 'Ali bin Khashram (who said): "'Eisa bin Yunus narrated this to us from Al-Awza'i." The meaning of his saying: "They received something from the spoils of war" it is said that he conferred something on them (the women) from the spoils of war.

Chapter 9

Does The Slave Recieve A Share ?

باب هَلْ يُسْهَمُ لِلْعَبْدِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1557
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عُمَيْرٍ، مَوْلَى آبِي اللَّحْمِ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ خَيْبَرَ مَعَ سَادَتِي فَكَلَّمُوا فِيَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَعْلَمُوهُ أَنِّي مَمْلُوكٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِي فَقُلِّدْتُ السَّيْفَ فَإِذَا أَنَا أَجُرُّهُ فَأَمَرَ لِي بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ خُرْثِيِّ الْمَتَاعِ وَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ رُقْيَةً كُنْتُ أَرْقِي بِهَا الْمَجَانِينَ فَأَمَرَنِي بِطَرْحِ بَعْضِهَا وَحَبْسِ بَعْضِهَا ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ لاَ يُسْهَمَ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ وَلَكِنْ يُرْضَخُ لَهُ بِشَيْءٍ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏
'Umair, the freed slave of Abil-Lahm:

"I participated at Khaibar with my masters. They spoke about me to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him that I was a slave." He said: "So he ordered me to take up the sword, and I found myself dragging it, so he ordered that I be given something from the goods. I presented a Ruqyah that I used to treat the possessed with, so he ordered me leave some of it and keep some of it." There is something on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to the some of the people of knowledge. A complete portion is not given to slave, but something is conferred upon him. This is the view of Ath-Thawri, Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq.

Chapter 10

What Has Been Related About Ahl Adh-Dhimmah Fighting With The Muslims, Are They To Recieve A Share Of The Spoils Of War ?

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ يَغْزُونَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ هَلْ يُسْهَمُ لَهُمْ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1558
حَدَّثَنَا الأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نِيَارٍ الأَسْلَمِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَرَجَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِحَرَّةِ الْوَبَرِ لَحِقَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَذْكُرُ مِنْهُ جُرْأَةً وَنَجْدَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَلَسْتَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ ارْجِعْ فَلَنْ أَسْتَعِينَ بِمُشْرِكٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ كَلاَمٌ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ هَذَا ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ قَالُوا لاَ يُسْهَمُ لأَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَإِنْ قَاتَلُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْعَدُوَّ ‏.‏ وَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ يُسْهَمَ لَهُمْ إِذَا شَهِدُوا الْقِتَالَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ‏.‏
'Aishah:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) advanced towards Badr till he reached Harrah Al-Wabr where he was met by a man from the idolaters, about whom it was said he was brave and courageous. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to him: "Do you believe in Allah and his Messenger?" He said: "No." He said: "Then return, because we do not seek aid from an idolater." The Hadith has more dialogue than this. And this is a Hasan Gharib Hadith. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. They say that the people of Adh-Dhimmah do not recieve a share, even it they were to fight along with the Muslims against the enemy. Some of the people of knowledge said that they are given a share when they attend the battle with the Muslims.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1558
وَيُرْوَى عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَسْهَمَ لِقَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَاتَلُوا مَعَهُ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَزْرَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِهَذَا ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏
It has been related by Az-Zuhri, that the Prophet (ﷺ) gave a portion to some people among the Jews who fought along with him. This was narrated to us by Qutaibah (who said):

"Abdul-Warith bin Sa'eed narrated to us from 'Urwah bin Thabit, from Az-Zuhri." This Hadith is Hasan Gharib.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1559
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بُرَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى، قَالَ قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الأَشْعَرِيِّينَ خَيْبَرَ فَأَسْهَمَ لَنَا مَعَ الَّذِينَ افْتَتَحُوهَا ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ قَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ مَنْ لَحِقَ بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْهَمَ لِلْخَيْلِ أُسْهِمَ لَهُ ‏.‏ وَبُرَيْدٌ يُكْنَى أَبَا بُرَيْدَةَ وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا ‏.‏
Abu Musa:

"I arrived upon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) at Khaibar along with a group of the Ash'ari tribe. He gave us shared along with those that conquered it." This Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. Al-Awza'i said: "Whoever meets up with the Muslims before the horses, share is distributed, then he is given a share." And Buraid's (a narrator) Kunyah is Abu Buraidah and he is trustworthy. Sufyan Ath-Thawri, Ibn 'Uyainah and others report from him.

Chapter 11

What Has Been Related About Using The Containers Of The Idolaters

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الاِنْتِفَاعِ بِآنِيَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1560
حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَخْزَمَ الطَّائِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو قُتَيْبَةَ، سَلْمُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيِّ، قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ قُدُورِ الْمَجُوسِ فَقَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَنَهَى عَنْ كُلِّ سَبُعٍ وَذِي نَابٍ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ ‏.‏ وَأَبُو قِلاَبَةَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ إِنَّمَا رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ ‏.‏
"‏ أَنْقُوهَا غَسْلاً وَاطْبُخُوا فِيهَا ‏"
Abu Tha'labah Al-Khushani:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was asked about the pots of the Zorastrians. He said: 'Clean them by washing them, and then cook in them.' And he prohibited every predator and possessor of canines." This Hadith has been reported through routes other than this from Abu Tha'labah. Abu Idris Al-Khawlani reported it from Abu Tha'labah. Abu Qilabah did not hear from Abu Tha'labah, he only reported it from Abu Asma', from Abu Tha'labah.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1560
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ حَيْوَةَ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الدِّمَشْقِيَّ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، عَائِذُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيَّ، يَقُولُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا بِأَرْضِ قَوْمٍ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ نَأْكُلُ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ غَيْرَ آنِيَتِهِمْ فَلاَ تَأْكُلُوا فِيهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا فَاغْسِلُوهَا وَكُلُوا فِيهَا ‏"
Another Chain fro Abu Idris Al-Khawlani 'Ai'dhullah bin 'Ubaidullah

"I heard Abu Tha'labah Al-Khushani saying: 'I went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! We live in a land of the People of the Book and we eat from their containers." He said: "If you find other containers than do not eat from them. If you do not find them, then wash them and eat from them." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 12

Regarding The Nafl (An additional gift from the spoils of war that is given to particular fighters)

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّفَلِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1561
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلاَّمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يُنَفِّلُ فِي الْبَدْأَةِ الرُّبُعَ وَفِي الْقُفُولِ الثُّلُثَ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَحَبِيبِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ وَمَعْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ ‏.‏ وَحَدِيثُ عُبَادَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَلاَّمٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
'Ubadah bin As-Samit:

"The Prophet (ﷺ) used to confer a fourth of spoils of war in the early part of the expedition, and a third during the return." There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas, Habib bin Maslamh, Ma'n bin Yazid, Ibn 'Umar, and Salamah bin Al-Akwa'. This Hadith of 'Ubadah is a Hasan Hadith. This Hadith has also been reported from Abu Salam from a man among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ).
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1561
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم تَنَفَّلَ سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَأَى فِيهِ الرُّؤْيَا يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ إِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ‏.‏ وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي النَّفَلِ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ لَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَفَّلَ فِي مَغَازِيهِ كُلِّهَا وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ نَفَّلَ فِي بَعْضِهَا وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الاِجْتِهَادِ مِنَ الإِمَامِ فِي أَوَّلِ الْمَغْنَمِ وَآخِرِهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قُلْتُ لأَحْمَدَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَفَّلَ إِذَا فَصَلَ بِالرُّبُعِ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ وَإِذَا قَفَلَ بِالثُّلُثِ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ يُخْرِجُ الْخُمُسَ ثُمَّ يُنَفِّلُ مِمَّا بَقِيَ وَلاَ يُجَاوِزُ هَذَا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَلَى مَا قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ النَّفَلُ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ ‏.‏ قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ كَمَا قَالَ ‏.‏
Another chain from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet (ﷺ) took his sword Dhul-Fiqar on the Day of Badr, and it is the one that he saw in the dream on the Day of Uhud. This Hadith is Hasan Gharib. We only know it from this route through the report of Ibn Abi Az-Zinad. The people of knowledge differ over giving the Nafl from the Khumus. Malik bin Anas said:

"It has not reached me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gave the Nafl during every expedition, but it has been conveyed to me that he gave the Nafl in some of them. That is according to the discretion of the Imam during the beginning of the division of the spoils or the end of it." Ibn Mansur said: "I said to Ahmad: 'The Prophet (ﷺ) gave the Nafl when he divided the fourth, after the Khumus, and when he was returning (he gave) the third from the Khumus.' So he said: 'The Khumus is taken, and then the Nafl is given from what remains, nothing beyond this.''" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is (understood) as Ibn Musayyab said: "The Nafl is from te Khumus." Ishaq said as he said.

Chapter 13

What Has Been Related About: Whoever Kills Someone In Battle, Then His Goods Are His

باب مَا جَاءَ فِيمَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1562
حَدَّثَنَا الأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ، مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ قِصَّةٌ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ ‏"
Abu Qatadah:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever kills someone in battle, having a proof for that, then his goods are his." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is a story with this Hadith.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1562
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، وَأَنَسٍ، وَسَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ، ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ هُوَ نَافِعٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لِلإِمَامِ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنَ السَّلَبِ الْخُمُسَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الثَّوْرِيُّ النَّفَلُ أَنْ يَقُولَ الإِمَامُ مَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ لَهُ وَمَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ الْخُمُسُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ السَّلَبُ لِلْقَاتِلِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْئًا كَثِيرًا فَرَأَى الإِمَامُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنْهُ الْخُمُسَ كَمَا فَعَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ‏.‏
Another Chain with similar meaning There are narrations on this topic from 'Awf bin Malik, Khalid bin Al-Walid, Anas, and Samurah. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Abu Muhammad is Nafi' the freed slave of Abu Qatadah. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) and others. It is the view of Al-Awza'i, Ash-Shafi'i and Ahmad. Some of the people of knowledge said that the Imam takes Khumus from those goods. Ath-Thawri said:

"The Nafl is when the Imam says: 'Whoever got something, then it is his. And whoever killed a fighter, then his goods are his.' So it is allowed, and there is no Khumus taken from it." Ishaq said: "The goods are for the one who did the killing, unless it is something that is a large amount." So he saw that the Imam could take the Khumus from that, just as 'Umar bin Al-Khattab did.

Chapter 14

About It being Disliked To Sell The Spoils Of War Until It Has Been Distributed

باب فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1563
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ جَهْضَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ شِرَاءِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏
Abu Sa’id Al Khudri :

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited selling the spoils of war until it has been distributed." There is something on this topic from Abu Hurairah. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Gharib.

Chapter 15

What Has Been Related About It Being Disliked To Have Intercourse With Pregnant Female Prisoners

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ وَطْءِ الْحَبَالَى مِنَ السَّبَايَا

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1564
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ النَّبِيلُ، عَنْ وَهْبٍ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمُّ حَبِيبَةَ بِنْتُ عِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَاهَا، أَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى أَنْ تُوطَأَ السَّبَايَا حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ رُوَيْفِعِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ‏.‏ وَحَدِيثُ عِرْبَاضٍ حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَقَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى الرَّجُلُ الْجَارِيَةَ مِنَ السَّبْىِ وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ فَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لاَ تُوطَأُ حَامِلٌ حَتَّى تَضَعَ ‏.‏ قَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَأَمَّا الْحَرَائِرُ فَقَدْ مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِيهِنَّ بِأَنْ أُمِرْنَ بِالْعِدَّةِ ‏.‏ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ خَشْرَمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ ‏.‏
Umm Habibah bint 'Irbad bin Sariyah:

From her father who told her that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited intercourse with female prisoners, until they deliver what is in their wombs." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is something on this topic from Ruwaifi' bin Thabit, and the Hadith of 'Irbad is a Gharib Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. Al-Awza'i said: "When a man purchases a slave girl from the captives and she is pregnant, then it has been related from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab that he said: 'Do not have intercourse with the pregnant women until she gives birth.'" Al-Awza'i said: "As for the free women, then the Sunnah about them has passed, in that the 'Iddah is observed." All of this was narrated to me by 'Ali bin Khushram who said: " 'Eisa bin Yunus narrated to us from Al-Awza'i."

Chapter 16

What Has Been Related About The Food Of The Idolaters

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي طَعَامِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1565
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنِي سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ قَبِيصَةَ بْنَ هُلْبٍ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ طَعَامِ النَّصَارَى فَقَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏
"‏ لاَ يَتَخَلَّجَنَّ فِي صَدْرِكَ طَعَامٌ ضَارَعْتَ فِيهِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ ‏"
Qabisah bin Hulb:

From his father, who said: "I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about the food of the Christians. He (ﷺ) said: 'Do not allow food to put uneasiness in your chest similar to the doubts of Christianity about it." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1565
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى سَمِعْتُ مَحْمُودًا، وَقَالَ، عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ هُلْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِثْلَهُ ‏.‏
Another Chain with similar chain.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1565
قَالَ مَحْمُودٌ وَقَالَ وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ مُرِّيِّ بْنِ قَطَرِيٍّ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِثْلَهُ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنَ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ ‏.‏
Another chain with similar narration. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge regarding the permission for the food of the People of the Book.

Chapter 17

About It Being Disliked To Separate (Related) Captives

باب فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ التَّفْرِيقِ بَيْنَ السَّبْىِ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1566
حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي حُيَىٌّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحُبُلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ كَرِهُوا التَّفْرِيقَ بَيْنَ السَّبْىِ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدَةِ وَوَلَدِهَا وَبَيْنَ الْوَلَدِ وَالْوَالِدِ وَبَيْنَ الإِخْوَةِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَسَمِعْتُ الْبُخَارِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحُبُلِيُّ مِنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ وَالِدَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا فَرَّقَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَحِبَّتِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ‏"
Abu Ayyub:

That he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Whoever separates between a mother and her child, then Allah will separate between him and his beloved on the Day of Judgement." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is something on this topic from 'Ali. This Hadith is Hasan Gharib. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) and others. They dislike separating the captives, the mother and her child, the son and the father, and brothers.

Chapter 18

What Has Been Related About Killing Captives And Ransoming

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي قَتْلِ الأُسَارَى وَالْفِدَاءِ

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1567
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ أَبِي السَّفَرِ، - وَاسْمُهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ وَمَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الْحَفَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي بَرْزَةَ وَجُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الثَّوْرِيِّ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ‏.‏ وَرَوَى أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ وَرَوَى ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُرْسَلاً ‏.‏ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ الْحَفَرِيُّ اسْمُهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ‏.‏
"‏ إِنَّ جِبْرَائِيلَ هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ خَيِّرْهُمْ يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَكَ فِي أُسَارَى بَدْرٍ الْقَتْلَ أَوِ الْفِدَاءَ عَلَى أَنْ يُقْتَلَ مِنْهُمْ قَابِلاً مِثْلُهُمْ ‏.‏ قَالُوا الْفِدَاءَ وَيُقْتَلَ مِنَّا ‏"
'Ali:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said that Jibra'il had indeed descended upon him to say to him: "Tell them - meaning your Companions - to choose regarding the captives of Badr, between either killing them or ransoming the, so that the amount killed by them will correspond similarly to them." So they said: "Ranson, even though some of us may be killed." There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Mas'ud, Anas, Abu Barzah, and Jubair bin Mut'im. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Gharib as a narration of Ath-Thawri. We do not know of it except through the report of Za'idah. Abu Usamah reported similar to this from Hisham, from Ibn Sirin, from 'Abidah, from 'Ali, from the Prophet (ﷺ) Ibn 'Awn reported it from Ibn Sirin, from 'Abidah, from 'Ali, from the Prophet (ﷺ) in Mursal form. Abu Dawud Al-Hafiri's ( a narrator in this chain) name is 'Umar bin Sa'd.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1568
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَدَى رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَعَمُّ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ هُوَ أَبُو الْمُهَلَّبِ وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَيُقَالُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَأَبُو قِلاَبَةَ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْجَرْمِيُّ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّ لِلإِمَامِ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَى مَنْ شَاءَ مِنَ الأُسَارَى وَيَقْتُلَ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْهُمْ وَيَفْدِيَ مَنْ شَاءَ ‏.‏ وَاخْتَارَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ الْقَتْلَ عَلَى الْفِدَاءِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ مَنْسُوخَةٌ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى‏:‏ ‏(‏فَإِِمَّا مَنًّا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَاءً‏)‏ نَسَخَتْهَا‏:‏ ‏(‏وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ ‏)‏ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ ‏.‏ قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قُلْتُ لأَحْمَدَ إِذَا أُسِرَ الأَسِيرُ يُقْتَلُ أَوْ يُفَادَى أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ إِنْ قَدَرُوا أَنْ يُفَادُوا فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فَمَا أَعْلَمُ بِهِ بَأْسًا ‏.‏ قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الإِثْخَانُ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعْرُوفًا فَأَطْمَعُ بِهِ الْكَثِيرَ ‏.‏
'Imran bin Husain:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) ransomed two men for the Muslims with a man from the idolaters. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. The paternal uncle of Abu Al-Muhallab's name is 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Amr, and they also say it was Muhawiyah bin 'Amr. And Abu Qilabah's name is 'Abdullah bin Zaid Al-Jarmi (narrator in the chain) This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet(ﷺ) and others. It is for the Imam to decide to be generous with whom he wills among the captives, or to kill whom he wills among them, or to ransom whom he wills among them. Some of the people of knowledge preferred killing over ransoming. Al-Awzai' said: "It has been conveyed to me. that this Ayah is abrogated: Thereafter (is the time) either for generosity (to free them without ranson) or ransom (47:4). It was abrogated by: Kill them wherever you find them (2:191). This was narrated to us by Hannad (who said): "Ibn Al-Mubarak narrated to us, from Al-Awza'i." Ishaq bin Mansur said: "I said to Ahmad: 'When the captives are captured' is killing or ransoming better to you?' He said: 'If they are able to ransom' then there is no harm in it. And if they kill, then I do not know of any harm in it.'" Ishaq said: "Wiping them out is better to me, unless it is someone well-known, so that it is hoped that a large amount will be obtained for him."
Quran References:
Surah 47:4Surah 2:191

Chapter 19

What Has Been Related About The Prohibition Of Killing Women And Children

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّهْىِ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ، وَالصِّبْيَانِ،

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1569
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً وُجِدَتْ فِي بَعْضِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَقْتُولَةً فَأَنْكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ذَلِكَ وَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ وَرَبَاحٍ وَيُقَالُ رِيَاحُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ وَالأَسْوَدِ بْنِ سَرِيعٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمْ كَرِهُوا قَتْلَ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ‏.‏ وَرَخَّصَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْبَيَاتِ وَقَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ فِيهِمْ وَالْوِلْدَانِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَرَخَّصَا فِي الْبَيَاتِ ‏.‏
Ibn 'Umar:

That a woman was found killed in one of the expeditions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), so the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) rebuked that, and he prohibited killing women and children. There are narrations on this topic from Buraidah and Rabah - and they say he was Riyah - bin Ar-Rabi', Al-Aswad bin Sari', Ibn 'Abbas, and As-Sa'b bin Jaththamah. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) and others. They disliked killing women and children. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and Ash-Shafi'i. Some of the people of knowledge made an exception for killing the women who had children with them during night attacks, this is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq, they permitted it in night attacks.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1570
حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي الصَّعْبُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ خَيْلَنَا أَوْطَأَتْ مِنْ نِسَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَوْلاَدِهِمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ هُمْ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ ‏"
Ibn 'Abbas:

"I was informed by As-Sa'b bin Jaththamah who said: " I said: "O Messenger of Allah our horses trampled over women and children of the idolaters." He said: "They are from their fathers.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 20

The Prohibition Of Burning With Fire

باب

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1571
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي بَعْثٍ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فُلاَنًا وَفُلاَنًا لِرَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَأَحْرِقُوهُمَا بِالنَّارِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ أَرَدْنَا الْخُرُوجَ ‏"‏ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَمَرْتُكُمْ أَنْ تَحْرِقُوا فُلاَنًا وَفُلاَنًا بِالنَّارِ وَإِنَّ النَّارَ لاَ يُعَذِّبُ بِهَا إِلاَّ اللَّهُ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمَا فَاقْتُلُوهُمَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَحَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الأَسْلَمِيِّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بَيْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَجُلاً فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَرَوَى غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِثْلَ رِوَايَةِ اللَّيْثِ وَحَدِيثُ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ أَشْبَهُ وَأَصَحُّ ‏.‏ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَحَدِيثُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Abu Hurairah:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent us with an army and said: 'If you see so-and-so, and so-and-so' referring to two men from the Quraish: 'then burn them with fire.' Then, upon our departure, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'I ordered you to burn so-and-so, and so-and-so with fire, and indeed, none punishes with fire except Allah. So if you see them, then kill them.'" There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas and Hamzah bin 'Amr Al-Aslami. [Abu 'Eisa said:] The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. In this Hadith, Muhammad bin Ishaq mentioned a man (narrating) between Sulaiman bin Yasar and Abu Hurairah. Others reported this Hadith the same as Al-Laith reported it(here, without a man between them). The narration of Al-Laith bin Sa'd is more appropriate and more correct.

Chapter 21

What Has Been Related About Ghulul

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْغُلُولِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1572
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو رَجَاءٍ، قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنْ مَاتَ وَهُوَ بَرِيءٌ مِنْ ثَلاَثٍ الْكِبْرِ وَالْغُلُولِ وَالدَّيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ ‏"
Thawban:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever dies and he is free of three: Kibr (Pride), Ghulul, and debt, he will enter paradise." There are narrations on this topic from Abu Hurairah and Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhni Footnote: Ghulul refers to goods stolen from the spoils of war, or concealed, before it is divided among the soldiers
Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1573
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ مَعْدَانَ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ هَكَذَا قَالَ سَعِيدٌ الْكَنْزَ وَقَالَ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الْكِبْرَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ عَنْ مَعْدَانَ وَرِوَايَةُ سَعِيدٍ أَصَحُّ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنْ فَارَقَ الرُّوحُ الْجَسَدَ وَهُوَ بَرِيءٌ مِنْ ثَلاَثٍ الْكَنْزِ وَالْغُلُولِ وَالدَّيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ ‏"
Thawban:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever's soul departs from his body while he is free of three: Kanz (buried treasure), Ghulul, and debt, then he will enter paradise." This is how Sa'eed narrated it: "Kanz" while Abu 'Awanah said in his narration: "Kibr" and he did not mention "from Ma'dan" in it. But the narration of Sa'eed is more correct.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1574
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سِمَاكٌ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فُلاَنًا قَدِ اسْتُشْهِدَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏
"‏ كَلاَّ قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي النَّارِ بِعَبَاءَةٍ قَدْ غَلَّهَا قَالَ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ فَنَادِ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاَّ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ثَلاَثًا ‏"
Simak Abu Rumail Al-Hanafi:

"I heard Ibn 'Abbas saying: 'Umar bin Al-Khattab narrated to me that he said: "It was said: 'O Messenger of Allah! So-and-so has been martyred.' He said: "No! I saw him in the fire of garment he pilfered from the spoils of war.' He said: 'Stand up O 'Umar! Call out that no one enters paradise except the believers.' Three times." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib.

Chapter 22

What Has Been Related About Women Going Out For War

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي خُرُوجِ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْحَرْبِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1575
حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ الصَّوَّافُ، حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الضُّبَعِيُّ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَغْزُو بِأُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ وَنِسْوَةٍ مَعَهَا مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ يَسْقِينَ الْمَاءَ وَيُدَاوِينَ الْجَرْحَى ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Anas:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to go to battle with Umm Sulaim, and other women with her, from the Ansar, who would give water and attend to the wounded." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is something on this topic from Ar-Rabi' bin Mu'awwidh. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 23

What Has Been Related About Accepting Gifts From The Idolaters

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي قَبُولِ هَدَايَا الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1576
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ ثُوَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّ كِسْرَى أَهْدَى إِلَيْهِ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ وَأَنَّ الْمُلُوكَ أَهْدَوْا إِلَيْهِ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَثُوَيْرٌ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي فَاخِتَةَ وَأَبُو فَاخِتَةَ اسْمُهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عِلاَقَةَ وَثُوَيْرٌ يُكْنَى أَبَا جَهْمٍ ‏.‏
'Ali:

From the Prophet (ﷺ), that Kisra sent him a gift so he accepted, and that kings gave him gifts and he accepted them. There is something about this from Jabir. This is a Hasan Gharib Hadith. Thuwair (a narrator in the chain) is Ibn Abi Fakhitah, whose name was Sa'eed bin 'Illaqah, and Thuwair's Kunyah was Abu Jahm.

Chapter 24

About The Gifts Of The Idolaters Being Disliked

باب فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ هَدَايَا الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1577
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، هُوَ ابْنُ الشِّخِّيرِ عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ، أَنَّهُ أَهْدَى لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم هَدِيَّةً لَهُ أَوْ نَاقَةً فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَسْلَمْتَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَإِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ زَبْدِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَمَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ ‏"‏ إِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ زَبْدِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ يَعْنِي هَدَايَاهُمْ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْبَلُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هَدَايَاهُمْ وَذُكِرَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الْكَرَاهِيَةُ وَاحْتُمِلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ يَقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ نَهَى عَنْ هَدَايَاهُمْ ‏.‏
'Iyad bin Himar:

That he gave the Prophet (ﷺ) a gift or a camel, so the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Have you accepted Islam?" He said: "No." He said: "Then I have been prohibited from the Zabd (gift) of the idolaters." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. And the meaning of his saying: "I haven been prohibited from the Zabd (gifts) of the idolaters" is their gifts. It has been reported about the Messenger (ﷺ) that he used to accept the gifts of the idolaters while a dislike for that is mentioned in this Hadith. And the implication is that this was after he used to accept from them, and then he later forbade their gifts.

Chapter 25

What Has Been Related About The Prostration Of Gratitude (Sajdah Ash-Shukr)

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي سَجْدَةِ الشُّكْرِ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1578
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بَكَّارُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَتَاهُ أَمْرٌ فَسُرَّ بِهِ فَخَرَّ لِلَّهِ سَاجِدًا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ بَكَّارِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ رَأَوْا سَجْدَةَ الشُّكْرِ ‏.‏ وَبَكَّارُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ مُقَارِبُ الْحَدِيثِ ‏.‏
Abu Bakrah:

"The Prophet (ﷺ) was met by some affair that made him happy, so he prostrated to Allah." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Gharib, we do not know of it except from this route, as a narration of Bakkar bin 'Abdul-'Aziz. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge, they held the view that one could perform the prostration of gratitude. And Bakkar bin 'Adbul-'Aziz bin Abi Bakrah is Muqarib (average) in Hadith.

Chapter 26

What Has Been Related About The Assurance Of Protection Granted By A Woman And A Slave

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي أَمَانِ الْعَبْدِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1579
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَكْثَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ يَعْنِي تُجِيرُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا فَقَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَكَثِيرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ وَالْوَلِيدُ بْنُ رَبَاحٍ سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَهُوَ مُقَارِبُ الْحَدِيثِ ‏.‏
"‏ إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لَتَأْخُذُ لِلْقَوْمِ ‏"
Abu Hurairah:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Indeed a woman grants (assurances of protection) to a people" - meaning it is to be honored - "from the Muslims." There is something on this topic from Umm Hani, and this Hadith is Hasan Gharib. I asked Muhammad and he said: "This Hadith is Sahih. Kathir bin Ziad heard from Al-Walid bin Rabah, and Al-Walid bin Rabah heard from Abu Hurairah, and he is Muqarib (average) in Hadith.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1579
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مُرَّةَ، مَوْلَى عَقِيلِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أَجَرْتُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَحْمَائِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ قَدْ أَمَّنَّا مَنْ أَمَّنْتِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَجَازُوا أَمَانَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ أَجَازَا أَمَانَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ ‏.‏ وَأَبُو مُرَّةَ مَوْلَى عَقِيلِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَيُقَالُ لَهُ أَيْضًا مَوْلَى أُمِّ هَانِئٍ وَاسْمُهُ يَزِيدُ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ أَجَازَ أَمَانَ الْعَبْدِ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ ذِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَمَعْنَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ مَنْ أَعْطَى الأَمَانَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَهُوَ جِائِزٌ عَلَى كُلِّهِمْ ‏.‏
Another chain from Umm Hani'

"I granted asylum for two men among my brother-in-laws. So the Messeneger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'We grant security to whomever you have granted security.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. They permit assurance of protection by a women. This is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq. They permitted the asylum of a woman and slave It has been related from other routes from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab that he permitted the asylum granted by a slave. One of the narrators of this last narration Abu Murrah is the freed slave of 'Aqil bin Abi Talib - they also say that he was freed slave of Umm Hani' - and his name was Yazid. It has been related from 'Ali bin Abi Talib and 'Abdullah bin 'Amr that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The covenants of the Muslims are one, it covers the rest of them." [Abu 'Eisa said:] According to the people of knowledge, the meaning of this Hadith is that whoever gives assurance of protection among the Muslims, then it is valis to all of them.

Chapter 27

What Has Been Related About Breaking Treaties

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْغَدْرِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1580
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْفَيْضِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سُلَيْمَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ، يَقُولُ كَانَ بَيْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَبَيْنَ أَهْلِ الرُّومِ عَهْدٌ وَكَانَ يَسِيرُ فِي بِلاَدِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا انْقَضَى الْعَهْدُ أَغَارَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ أَوْ عَلَى فَرَسٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَفَاءٌ لاَ غَدْرٌ ‏.‏ وَإِذَا هُوَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَسَةَ فَسَأَلَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَرَجَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بِالنَّاسِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ فَلاَ يَحُلَّنَّ عَهْدًا وَلاَ يَشُدَّنَّهُ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ أَمَدُهُ أَوْ يَنْبِذَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ ‏"
Abu Al-Faid:

"I heard Sulaim bin 'Amir saying: 'There was a treaty between Mu'awiyah and the people of Rome. He was making an expedition into their lands so that when the period of the treaty was expires he would attack them. So when a man upon an animal' - or - 'upon a horse said: "Allahu Akbar! Fulfillment not betrayal!" - and it turned out to be 'Amr bin 'Abasah - Mu'awiyah asked him about that. He said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever has a treaty between himself and a people, then let him not violate the treaty nor try to change it until its time has passed, or , in retribution for a similar offense.'" He said: "So Mu'awiyah returned with the people." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 28

What Has Been Related About: For Each Person Who Betrays A Treaty There Is A Banner Erected On The Day Of Judgement

باب مَا جَاءَ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1581
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي صَخْرُ بْنُ جُوَيْرِيَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏"‏ إِنَّ الْغَادِرَ يُنْصَبُ لَهُ لِوَاءٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَأَنَسٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ حَدِيثِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لاَ أَعْرِفُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مَرْفُوعًا ‏.‏
Ibn 'Umar:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed the one who betrays will have a banner erected for him on the Day of Judgement." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud, Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri, and Anas. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. I asked Muhammad about the Hadith of Suwaid, from Abu Ishaq, from 'Umarah bin 'Umair, from 'Ali, from the Prophet (ﷺ) who said: "For every person who betrays there will be banner." He said: "I do not know of this Hadith being Marfu'"

Chapter 29

What Has Been Related About Cessation For Arbitration

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي النُّزُولِ عَلَى الْحُكْمِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1582
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ رُمِيَ يَوْمَ الأَحْزَابِ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَطَعُوا أَكْحَلَهُ أَوْ أَبْجَلَهُ فَحَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالنَّارِ فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَتَرَكَهُ فَنَزَفَهُ الدَّمُ فَحَسَمَهُ أُخْرَى فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لاَ تُخْرِجْ نَفْسِي حَتَّى تُقِرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ ‏.‏ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَا قَطَرَ قَطْرَةً حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَحَكَمَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ رِجَالُهُمْ وَيُسْتَحْيَى نِسَاؤُهُمْ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِنَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَكَانُوا أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمُ انْفَتَقَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَاتَ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَطِيَّةَ الْقُرَظِيِّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ أَصَبْتَ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ ‏"
Jabir:

"On the day of (the battle of) Al-Ahzab, Sa'd bin Mu'adh was struck by an arrow such that the upper vein or lower vein of his forearm was severed. So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) tried to stop it with fire, but it made his arm bleed profusely so he left it. Then he did it another time but it caused it to bleed profusely. Upon seeing that he said: 'O Allah! Do not allow my soul depart until my eyes are comforted by elimination of Banu Quraizah.' He pressed his vein closed and it did not bleed a drop before they surrendered to the arbitration of Sa'd bin Mu'adh. He (the Prophet (ﷺ)) sent to him (Sa'd) who judged that their men should be killed, their women should be spared, and that the Muslims may share them among themselves. With this, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'You have judged according to Allah's judgement for them.' And they were four hundred. Then when he finished killing them, his vein opened up and he died." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed and 'Atiyyah Al-Qurazi. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1583
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَالشَّرْخُ الْغِلْمَانُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُنْبِتُوا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَرَوَاهُ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏
"‏ اقْتُلُوا شُيُوخَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَاسْتَحْيُوا شَرْخَهُمْ ‏"
Samurah bin Jundab:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Kill the elder men among the idolaters and spare the Sharkh amont them." And the Sharkh are the boys who did not begin to grow pubic hair. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Hajjaj bin Artah narrated similarly from Qatadah.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1584
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ الْقُرَظِيِّ، قَالَ عُرِضْنَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ فَكَانَ مَنْ أَنْبَتَ قُتِلَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُنْبِتْ خُلِّيَ سَبِيلُهُ فَكُنْتُ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يُنْبِتْ فَخُلِّيَ سَبِيلِي ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَ الإِنْبَاتَ بُلُوغًا إِنْ لَمْ يُعْرَفِ احْتِلاَمُهُ وَلاَ سِنُّهُ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏
'Atiyyah Al-Qurazi:

"We were presented to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on the day of (the battle of) Quraizah. Whoever had pubic hair was killed and whoever did not was left to his way. I was of those who did not have pubic hair so I was left to my way." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. They consider pubic hair an indication of the age of responsibility, if it is not known whether he has had a wet dream, or his age. This is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq.

Chapter 30

What Has Been Related About Oaths Of Allegiance

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْحِلْفِ

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1585
حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ الْمُعَلِّمُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَجُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَقَيْسِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ أَوْفُوا بِحِلْفِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَزِيدُهُ يَعْنِي الإِسْلاَمَ إِلاَّ شِدَّةً وَلاَ تُحْدِثُوا حِلْفًا فِي الإِسْلاَمِ ‏"
'Amr bin Shu'aib:

From his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said during his Khutbah: "Fulfill the allegiances sworn in Jahiliyyah for it" - meaning Islam - "does not add to them except in gravity. And do not initiate new allegiances in Islam." [He said:] There are narration on this topic from 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf, Umm Salamah, Jubair bin Mut'im, Abu Hurairah, Ibn 'Abbas, and Qais bin 'Asim. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 31

About Taking The Jizyah From The Zoroastrians

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي أَخْذِ الْجِزْيَةِ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1586
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ بَجَالَةَ بْنِ عَبْدَةَ، قَالَ كُنْتُ كَاتِبًا لِجَزْءِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَلَى مَنَاذِرَ فَجَاءَنَا كِتَابُ عُمَرَ انْظُرْ مَجُوسَ مَنْ قِبَلَكَ فَخُذْ مِنْهُمُ الْجِزْيَةَ فَإِنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخَذَ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ مَجُوسِ هَجَرَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏
Bajalah bin 'Abdah :

"I was a scribe for Jaz' bin Mu'awiyah at Manadhir when 'Umar's letter came to us (saying): 'Inspect the Zoroastrians around you to take the Jizyah from them. For indeed 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf informed me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took the Jizyah from the Zoroastrians of Hajar.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1587
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ بَجَالَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ، كَانَ لاَ يَأْخُذُ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِ حَتَّى أَخْبَرَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخَذَ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ مَجُوسِ هَجَرَ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ كَلاَمٌ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ هَذَا ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Bajalah:

That 'Umar would not take the Jizyah from the Zoroastrians until 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf informed him that the Prophet (ﷺ) took Jizyah from the Zoroastrians of Hajar." There is more dialogue in the Hadith than this. And this Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1588
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ الْبَصْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ مَجُوسِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ وَأَخَذَهَا عُمَرُ مِنْ فَارِسَ وَأَخَذَهَا عُثْمَانُ مِنَ الْفُرْسِ ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ هُوَ مَالِكٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏
Malik :

From Az-Zuhri, that Sa'ib bin Yazid said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took the Jizyah from the Zoroastrians of Bahrain, and 'Umar took it in Persia, and 'Uthman took it from the Persians." I asked Muhammad about this, so he said: "It is: 'Malik from Az-Zuhri from the Prophet (ﷺ).'"

Chapter 32

What Has Been Related About What Is Lawful From The Wealth Of Ahl Adh-Dhimmah

باب مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1589
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَيْرِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا نَمُرُّ بِقَوْمٍ فَلاَ هُمْ يُضَيِّفُونَا وَلاَ هُمْ يُؤَدُّونَ مَا لَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَلاَ نَحْنُ نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ إِنْ أَبَوْا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا كَرْهًا فَخُذُوا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ أَيْضًا ‏.‏ وَإِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَخْرُجُونَ فِي الْغَزْوِ فَيَمُرُّونَ بِقَوْمٍ وَلاَ يَجِدُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَا يَشْتَرُونَ بِالثَّمَنِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ إِنْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَبِيعُوا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا كَرْهًا فَخُذُوا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ هَكَذَا رُوِيَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَدِيثِ مُفَسَّرًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رضى الله عنه أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِنَحْوِ هَذَا ‏.‏
'Uqbah bin 'Amir:

"I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! We come across a people and they do not host us, and they do not give us our rights, and we do not take anything from them. So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'If they refuse such that you can only take by force, then take.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan. It has been reported by Al-Laith bin Sa'd from Yazid bin Abi Habib as well. This Hadith only means that they would go out for battles and they would pass a people among whom they would not find any food to buy for a price. So the Prophet (ﷺ) told them: If they refuse to sell you, such that you have to take it forcefully, then take it. This is how the explanation has been related in some of the Ahadith. And it has been related that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be please with him, would order similarly.

Chapter 33

What Has Been Related About Hijrah

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1590
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُبْشِيٍّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ نَحْوَ هَذَا ‏.‏
"‏ لاَ هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ وَلَكِنْ جِهَادٌ وَنِيَّةٌ وَإِذَا اسْتُنْفِرْتُمْ فَانْفِرُوا ‏"
Ibn 'Abbas:

That on the day of Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "There is no Hijrah after the conquest, there is only Jihad and intention, and when you are called to go forth (for battle), then go." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed, 'Abdullah bin 'Amr, and 'Abdullah bin Hubshi. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported it similarly from Mansur bin Al-Mu'tamir.

Chapter 34

What Has Been Related About Giving The Pledge To The Prophet (saws)

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي بَيْعَةِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1591
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الأُمَوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى‏:‏ ‏(‏لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبَايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ ‏)‏ قَالَ جَابِرٌ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى أَنْ لاَ نَفِرَّ وَلَمْ نُبَايِعْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعُبَادَةَ وَجَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِيهِ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ ‏.‏
Yahya bin Abi Kathir:

From Abu Salamah, from Jabir bin Abdullah about the statement of Allah, most High: Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave the pledge to you under the tree (48:18). that Jabir said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that we would not flee, and we did not pledge to him for death." [He said:] There are narration on this topic from Salamah bin Al-Akwa', Ibn 'Umar, 'Ubadah, and Jarir bin 'Abdullah. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is been reported from 'Eisa bin Yunus, from Al-Awza'i, from Yahya bin Abi Kathir who said: "Jabir bin 'Abdullah said" and he did not mention Abu Salamah on it.
Quran References:
Surah 48:18
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1592
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِسَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ عَلَى أَىِّ شَيْءٍ بَايَعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Yazid bin Abi 'Ubaid:

"I said to Salamah bin Al-Akwa': "For what did you pledge to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on the Day of Al-Hudaibiyyah?" He said: "For death." This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1593
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ كُنَّا نُبَايِعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فَيَقُولُ لَنَا ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ كِلاَهُمَا ‏.‏
"‏ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ ‏"
Ibn 'Umar:

"We used to pledge to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to hear and obey." So he would say to us: "As much as you are able." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1594
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ لَمْ نُبَايِعْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْمَوْتِ إِنَّمَا بَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى أَنْ لاَ نَفِرَّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَمَعْنَى كِلاَ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ صَحِيحٌ قَدْ بَايَعَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ وَإِنَّمَا قَالُوا لاَ نَزَالُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ حَتَّى نُقْتَلَ وَبَايَعَهُ آخَرُونَ فَقَالُوا لاَ نَفِرُّ ‏.‏
Jabir bin ‘Abdullah :

"We did not pledge to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) for death, but only that we would not flee." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, meaning both of the Ahadith are Sahih. Some of his Companions pledged to him for death, they said only: "We will not leave from in front of you as long as we are not killed." While others pledged him by saying: "We will not flee."

Chapter 35

What Has Been Related About Violating A Pledge

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي نَكْثِ الْبَيْعَةِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1595
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ بِلَا اخْتِلَافٍ.‏
"‏ ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ رَجُلٌ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَإِنْ أَعْطَاهُ وَفَى لَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ لَمْ يَفِ لَهُ ‏"
Abu Hurairah:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Three will not be spoken to by Allah on the Day of Judgement, nor will they be purified, and for them is a painful torment: A man that gave a pledge to an Imam, and if he gives to him he fulfills it, and if he does not give to him he does not fulfill not fulfill it." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 36

What Has Been Related About A Slave's Pledge

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي بَيْعَةِ الْعَبْدِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1596
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَلاَ يَشْعُرُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَدًا بَعْدُ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ أَعَبْدٌ هُوَ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ جَابِرٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ صَحِيحٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ‏.‏
"‏ بِعْنِيهِ ‏"
Jabir:

"A slave came to give the pledge to the Prophet (ﷺ) for Hijrah, but the Prophet (ﷺ) did not realize that he was a slave. So his master came, and the Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Sell him to me.' So he purchased him for two black slaves. After this he (ﷺ) would not take the pledge from anyone until he asked him if he was a slave." [He said:] There is something on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas. [Abu 'Eisa said:] The Hadith of Jabir is Hasan Gharib Sahih, we do not know of it except as a narration of Abu Az-Zubair.

Chapter 37

What Has Been Related About The Women's Pledge

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي بَيْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1597
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، سَمِعَ أُمَيْمَةَ بِنْتَ رُقَيْقَةَ، تَقُولُ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي نِسْوَةٍ فَقَالَ لَنَا ‏"‏ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُنَّ وَأَطَقْتُنَّ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْحَمُ بِنَا مِنَّا بِأَنْفُسِنَا ‏.‏ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَايِعْنَا ‏.‏ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ تَعْنِي صَافِحْنَا ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ إِنَّمَا قَوْلِي لِمِائَةِ امْرَأَةٍ كَقَوْلِي لاِمْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ‏.‏ وَرَوَى سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ لاَ أَعْرِفُ لأُمَيْمَةَ بِنْتِ رُقَيْقَةَ غَيْرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ‏.‏ وَأُمَيْمَةُ امْرَأَةٌ أُخْرَى لَهَا حَدِيثٌ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏
Ibn Al-Munkadir heard Umaimah bin Ruqaiqah saying:

"I pledged to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) along with some women. He said to us: 'In as much as you are able and capable.' I said: 'Allah and His Messenger are more merciful to us than we are to ourselves,' then I said: 'O Messenger of Allah take the pledge from us.'" - Sufyan (one of the narrators) said: meaning: 'shake (hands) on it with us' - "so the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'My statement to one hundred women is like my statement to one.'" [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Aishah, from 'Abdullah bin 'Umar, and Asma' bint Yazid. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, we do not know of it except as a narration of Muhammad bin Al-Munkadir. Sufyan Ath-Thawri, Malik bin Anas, and others reported this Hadith from Muhammad bin Al-Munkadir similarly. He said: I asked Muhammad about this Hadith and he said: "I am not aware of a Hadith other than this from Umaimah bint Ruqaiqah." There is another woman named Umaimah who narrated from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).

Chapter 38

What Has Been Related About The Number Of Companions Who Participated In The Battle Of Badr

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي عِدَّةِ أَصْحَابِ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1598
حَدَّثَنَا وَاصِلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى الْكُوفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ كُنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ، بَدْرٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ كَعِدَّةِ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ ثَلاَثِمِائَةٍ وَثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏
Al-Bara' :

"We used to say that the participants of Badr on the Day of Badr were like the number of companions of Talut, three hundred and thirteen men." [He said:] There is something on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas. [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Ath-Thawri and others reported it from Abu Ishaq.

Chapter 39

What Has Been Related About The Khumus

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْخُمُسِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1599
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ الْمُهَلَّبِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي جَمْرَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لِوَفْدِ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ قِصَّةٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ آمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا خُمُسَ مَا غَنِمْتُمْ ‏"
Ibn 'Abbas:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said to a delegation from 'Abdul-Qais: "I order you to give the Khumus from your spoils of war." He said: There is a story with this Hadith [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1599
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَمْرَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏
Another chain with similar narration.

Chapter 40

What Has Been Related About Looting Being Disliked

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ النُّهْبَةِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1600
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي سَفَرٍ فَتَقَدَّمَ سَرَعَانُ النَّاسِ فَتَعَجَّلُوا مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ فَاطَّبَخُوا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي أُخْرَى النَّاسِ فَمَرَّ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَعَدَلَ بَعِيرًا بِعَشْرِ شِيَاهٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَرَوَى سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبَايَةَ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ أَبِيهِ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ، مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، ‏.‏ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ وَعَبَايَةُ بْنُ رِفَاعَةَ سَمِعَ مِنْ، جَدِّهِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، وَأَنَسٍ، وَأَبِي، رَيْحَانَةَ وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي أَيُّوبَ ‏.‏
'Abayah bin Rifa'ah:

From his father, from his grandfather Rafi' bin Khadij, who said: "We were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey, when the hasty people went rushing ahead to the sheep to cook them, while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was in the rear of the people. Then he passed the kettled and ordered that they be weighed, then he distributed it between them and equated a camel to ten sheep." [Abu 'Eisa said:] Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported it from his father, from 'Abayah, from his grandfather Rafi' bin Khadij, and he did not mention "from his father" in it. This was narrated to us by Mahmud bin Ghailan (who said:) "Waki' narrated it to us from Sufyan." And this is more correct. 'Abayah bin Rifa'ah heard from his grandfather Rafi' bin Khadij. He said: There are narrations on this topic from Tha'labah bin Al-Hakam, Anas, Abu Rihanah, Abu Ad-Darda, 'Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah, Zaid bin Khalid, Jabir, Abu Hurairah, and Abu Ayyub.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1601
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ ‏.‏
"‏ مَنِ انْتَهَبَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا ‏"
Anas:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever plunders then he is not of us." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib as a Hadith of Anas.

Chapter 41

What Has Been Related About Greeting The People Of The Book With Salam

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي التَّسْلِيمِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1602
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ تَبْدَءُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى بِالسَّلاَمِ وَإِذَا لَقِيتُمْ أَحَدَهُمْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَاضْطَرُّوهُمْ إِلَى أَضْيَقِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي بَصْرَةَ الْغِفَارِيِّ صَاحِبِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَمَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ‏"‏ لاَ تَبْدَءُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى الْكَرَاهِيَةِ لأَنَّهُ يَكُونُ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ وَإِنَّمَا أُمِرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِتَذْلِيلِهِمْ وَكَذَلِكَ إِذَا لَقِيَ أَحَدَهُمْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَلاَ يَتْرُكُ الطَّرِيقَ عَلَيْهِ لأَنَّ فِيهِ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُمْ ‏.‏
Abu Hurairah:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Do not precede the Jews and the Christians with the Salam. And if one you meets one of them in the path, then force him to its narrow portion." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Anas, and Abu Basrah Al-Ghifari the Companion of the Prophet (ﷺ). [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. And regarding the meaning of this Hadith: "Do not precede the Jews and the Christians": Some of the poeple of knowledge said that it only means that it is disliked because it would be honoring them, and the Muslims were ordered to humiliate them. For this reason, when one of them is met on the path, then the path is not yielded for him, because doing so would amount to honoring them.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1603
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ إِذَا سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدُهُمْ فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ السَّامُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَقُلْ عَلَيْكَ ‏"
Ibn 'Umar:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed when a Jew gives Salam to one of you, then he is only saying: 'As-Samu 'Alaikum' (Death be upon you) so say: "Alaik (And upon you).'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 42

What Has Been Related About It Being Disliked To Live Among The Idolaters

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ الْمُقَامِ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1604
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً إِلَى خَثْعَمٍ فَاعْتَصَمَ نَاسٌ بِالسُّجُودِ فَأَسْرَعَ فِيهِمُ الْقَتْلُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِنِصْفِ الْعَقْلِ وَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ يُقِيمُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلِمَ قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ تَرَايَا نَارَاهُمَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Qais bin Abu Hazim:

From Jarir bin 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent a military expedition to Khath'am. So some people (living there) sought safety by prostrating, but they were met quickly and killed. News of this reached the Prophet (ﷺ) upon which he commanded that they be given half of the 'Aql (blood money). And he said: "I am free from every Muslim that lives among the idolaters." They said:"O Messenger of Allah: How is that ?" He said: "They should not see each other's campfires."
Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1605
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، ‏.‏ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ، ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَأَكْثَرُ أَصْحَابِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالُوا عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ.‏ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ إِسْمَعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ قَيْسٍ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ وَسَمِعْت مُحَمَّدًا يَقُولُ الصَّحِيحُ حَدِيثُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلٌ وَرَوَى سَمُرَةُ بْنُ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تُسَاكِنُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَا تُجَامِعُوهُمْ فَمَنْ سَاكَنَهُمْ أَوْ جَامَعَهُمْ فَهُوَ مِثْلُهُمْ
Qais bin Abu Hazim:

Similar to the narration of Abu Mu'aqiyah (no. 1604) but he did not mention in it: "from Jarir" in it, and that is more correct. There is something on this topic from Samurah. [Abu 'Eisa said:] Most of the companions of Isma'il said: "From Isma'il, from Qais bin Abu Hazim, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent a military expedition." and they did not mention: "from Jarir" in it. Hammad bin Salamah reported similar to the narration of Abu Mu'awiyah, from Al-Hajjaj bin Artah, from Isma'il bin Abi Khalid, from Qais from Jarir [He said:] I heard Muhammad saying: "What is correct is the narration of Qais from the Prophet (ﷺ) in Mursal form." Samurah bin Jundab repoted that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Do not live among the idolaters, and do not assemble with them, for whoever lives among them or assembles with them then he is similar to them."

Chapter 43

What Has Been Related About Expelling The Jews And The Christians From The Arabian Peninsula

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي إِخْرَاجِ الْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1606
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْكِنْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏
"‏ لَئِنْ عِشْتُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لأُخْرِجَنَّ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ ‏"
'Umar bin Al-Khattab:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If I live - if Allah wills - I will expel the Jews and the Christians from the Arabian Peninsula."
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1607
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ أَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ لأُخْرِجَنَّ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ فَلاَ أَتْرُكُ فِيهَا إِلاَّ مُسْلِمًا ‏"
Jabir bin ‘Abdullah :

"Umar bin Al-Khattab informed me that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'I will expel the Jews and the Christians from the Arabian Peninsula, and I will not leave anyone in it except a Muslim." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

Chapter 44

What Has Been Related About What The Messenger Of Allah (saws) Left Behind

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي تَرِكَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1608
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ مَنْ يَرِثُكَ قَالَ أَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَمَا لِي لاَ أَرِثُ أَبِي فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ وَلَكِنِّي أَعُولُ مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَعُولُهُ وَأُنْفِقُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَسَعْدٍ وَعَائِشَةَ ‏.‏ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ إِنَّمَا أَسْنَدَهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَعَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏.‏ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ لاَ أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ إِلاَّ حَمَّادَ بْنَ سَلَمَةَ ‏.‏ وَرَوَى عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ نَحْوَ رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ ‏.‏
"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ ‏"
Abu Hurairah:

"Fatimah came to Abu Bakr and said: 'Who will inherit from you?' He said: 'My family and my son.' She said: 'So what about me? I do not get inheritance from my father?' So Abu Bakr said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'We are not inherited from' but I support those whom the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to support, and I spend upon those whom the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) spent upon." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, Talhah, Az-Zubair, 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf, Sa'd and 'Aishah. The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is Hasan Gharib from this route. It is only reported with a chain by Hammad bin Salamah and 'Abdul Wahhab bin 'Ata, from Muhammad bin 'Amr, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurairah. I asked Muhammad about this Hadith and he said: "No one is known to have reported it from Muhammad bin 'Amr, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurairah except from Hammad bin Salamah. 'Abdul Wahhab bin 'Ata reported it from Muhammad bib 'Amr, from Abu Salamah, and from Abu Hurairah and it is similar to the narration of Hammad bin Salamah. And this Hadith has been reported through other routes from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, from the Prophet (ﷺ).
Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1609
حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ، عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى الْبَغْدَادِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ، جَاءَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رضى الله عنهما تَسْأَلُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالاَ سَمِعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أُكَلِّمُكُمَا أَبَدًا ‏.‏ فَمَاتَتْ وَلاَ تُكَلِّمُهُمَا ‏.‏ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى مَعْنَى لاَ أُكَلِّمُكُمَا تَعْنِي فِي هَذَا الْمِيرَاثِ أَبَدًا أَنْتُمَا صَادِقَانِ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏
"‏ إِنِّي لاَ أُورَثُ ‏"
Abu Hurairah:

That Fatimah came to Abu Bakr and 'Umar may Allah be pleased with them both, to ask them about her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). They said: "We heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'I am not inherited from.'" So she said: 'By Allah! I will never talk to you two again.' So she died having not talked to them." 'Ali bin 'Eisa said: "The meaning of not speaking to you two is: 'Never again regarding this inheritance, because you two are truthful.'"
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1610
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، أَخْبَرَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَسَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ وَالْعَبَّاسُ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَهُمْ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالأَرْضُ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ فَجِئْتَ أَنْتَ وَهَذَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَطْلُبُ أَنْتَ مِيرَاثَكَ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ وَيَطْلُبُ هَذَا مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ قِصَّةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ‏.‏
Malik bin Aws bin Al-Hadathan:

"I entered upon 'Umar bin Al-Khattab. (Then) Uthman bin 'Affan, Az-Zubair, 'Abdur-Rahman bin Awf, and Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas entered. Then 'Ali and Al-'Abbas came disputing. 'Umar said to them: ' I ask you, by Allah the One by Whose Will the heavens and the earth are maintained, do you know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "We are not inherited from, what we leave is charity?" They said: 'Yes.' 'Umar said: 'When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died, Abu Bakr said: "I am the caretaker of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)" So you and he went to Abu Bakr and you sought your inheritance from the son of your brother, and he sought the inheritance of his wife from her father. So Abu Bakr said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "We are not inherited from, what we leave is charity." And Allah knows that he is truthful, innocent, instructing and following the truth.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is a lengthy story along with the Hadith. And this Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib as a narration of Malik bin Anas.

Chapter 45

What Has Been Related About What The Prophet (saws) Said On The Day Of The Conquest: Verily This Is Not To Be Battled Over After Today

باب مَا جَاءَ مَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لاَ تُغْزَى بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ ‏"‏

Hasan
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1611
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْبَرْصَاءِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ يَقُولُ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صُرَدٍ وَمُطِيعٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَهُوَ حَدِيثُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ ‏.‏
"‏ لاَ تُغْزَى هَذِهِ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ‏"
Al-Harith bin Malik bin Al-Barsa':

"On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying: 'This is not to be battled over after today, until the Day of Judgement.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas, Sulaiman bin Surad, and Muti' This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, and it is a narration of Zakariyya bin Abi Za'idah from Ash-Sha'bi, we do not know of it except from his narration.

Chapter 46

What Has Been Related About The Hour In Which It Is Recommend To Fight

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الَّتِي يُسْتَحَبُّ فِيهَا الْقِتَالُ

Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1612
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ، قَالَ غَزَوْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَانَ إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ أَمْسَكَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا طَلَعَتْ قَاتَلَ فَإِذَا انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ أَمْسَكَ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ الْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ يُقَاتِلُ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانَ يُقَالُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ تَهِيجُ رِيَاحُ النَّصْرِ وَيَدْعُو الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِجُيُوشِهِمْ فِي صَلاَتِهِمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ بِإِسْنَادٍ أَوْصَلَ مِنْ هَذَا ‏.‏ وَقَتَادَةُ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ مُقَرِّنٍ وَمَاتَ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ فِي خِلاَفَةِ عُمَرَ ‏.‏
An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin :

"I fought along with the Prophet (ﷺ), and if Fajr had begun he would wait until the sun rose, and when it rose he would fight. And if it was the middle of the daytime, he would wait until the sun passed the zenit, and when it passed the zenith he would fight until 'Asr. Then he would wait until he prayed 'Asr, then he would fight." He said: "And it is used to be said during that (time) the the wind of victory was raging, and the believers would supplicate for their armies in their Salat." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith has been reported from An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin through a chain that is more connected that this. Qatadah did not see An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin. An-Nu'man died during the Khilafah of 'Umar.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1613
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، وَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيُّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ، عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، بَعَثَ النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ مُقَرِّنٍ إِلَى الْهُرْمُزَانِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ وَتَهُبَّ الرِّيَاحُ وَيَنْزِلَ النَّصْرُ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ هُوَ أَخُو بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ ‏.‏
Ma'qil bin Yasar:

"Umar bin Al-Khattab sent An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin to Al-Hurmuzan." And he mentioned the Hadith in its entirety. An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin said: "I participated (in battles) with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). So when he did not fight in the beginning if the daytime, he would wait until the sun passed the zenith, and the wind of victory would rage, and victory would descent upon them." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. 'Alqamah bin 'Abdullah (one of the narrators) is the brother of Bakr bin 'Abdullah Al-Muzani.

Chapter 47

What Has Been Related About At-Tiyarah (Bad Omens)

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الطِّيَرَةِ وَالْفَأْلِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1614
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ زِرٍّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ الطِّيَرَةُ مِنَ الشِّرْكِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَمَا مِنَّا إِلاَّ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُذْهِبُهُ بِالتَّوَكُّلِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَحَابِسٍ التَّمِيمِيِّ وَعَائِشَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَسَعْدٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ وَرَوَى شُعْبَةُ أَيْضًا عَنْ سَلَمَةَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ‏.‏ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ يَقُولُ كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ يَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ‏"‏ وَمَا مِنَّا إِلاَّ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُذْهِبُهُ بِالتَّوَكُّلِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ هَذَا عِنْدِي قَوْلُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَمَا مِنَّا‏.‏
'Abdullah bin Mas'ud:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "At-Tiyarah is from Shirk, and none among us (it influences) except that Allah will remove it with Tawakkul (reliance)." [Abu 'Eisa said:] I heard Muhammad bin Isma'il saying: "Sulaiman bin Harb used to say about this Hadith: 'And none among us (it influences) except that Allah will remove it with Tawakkul (reliance)' - Sulaiman would say: 'To me, this is a saying of 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud.'" There are narrations on this topic from Sa'd, Abu Hurairah, Habis At-Tamimi, 'Aishah and Ibn 'Umar. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, we do not know of it except as a narration of Salamah bin Khuail. Shu'bah also reported this Hadith from Salamah.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1615
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ الدَّسْتَوَائِيِّ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ عَدْوَى وَلاَ طِيَرَةَ وَأُحِبُّ الْفَأْلَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا الْفَأْلُ قَالَ ‏"‏ الْكَلِمَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Anas:

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "There is no 'Adwa and no Tiyarah, and I like Fa'l." They said: "O Messenger of Allah! What is Fa'l?" He said: "A good statement." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Da'if
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1616
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يُعْجِبُهُ إِذَا خَرَجَ لِحَاجَةٍ أَنْ يَسْمَعَ يَا رَاشِدُ يَا نَجِيحُ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Anas bin Malik:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) used to like it when he set out upon an affair if he heard: "O directed one, O successful one." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib.

Chapter 48

What Has Been Related About The Exhortation Of The Prophet (saws) Regarding Fighting

باب مَا جَاءَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْقِتَالِ

Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1617
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا بَعَثَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى جَيْشٍ أَوْصَاهُ فِي خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرًا وَقَالَ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ ‏.‏ وَحَدِيثُ بُرَيْدَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
"‏ اغْزُوا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ وَلاَ تَغُلُّوا وَلاَ تَغْدِرُوا وَلاَ تُمَثِّلُوا وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا فَإِذَا لَقِيتَ عَدُوَّكَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلاَثِ خِصَالٍ أَوْ خِلاَلٍ أَيَّتَهَا أَجَابُوكَ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمُ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ وَالتَّحَوُّلِ مِنْ دَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ إِنْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَتَحَوَّلُوا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ يَكُونُوا كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ مَا يَجْرِي عَلَى الأَعْرَابِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ وَالْفَىْءِ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُجَاهِدُوا فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَقَاتِلْهُمْ وَإِذَا حَاصَرْتَ حِصْنًا فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ فَلاَ تَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ ذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ وَاجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكَ لأَنَّكُمْ إِنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّتَكُمْ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ وَإِذَا حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تُنْزِلَهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللَّهِ فَلاَ تُنْزِلُوهُمْ وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ فَإِنَّكَ لاَ تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ أَمْ لاَ ‏"
Sulaiman bin Buraidah:

From his father who said: "When the Messenger of Allah (sawS) sent a commander of an army, he would exhort him concerning himself to have Taqwa of Allah, and he would exhort him to be good to those who are with him among the Muslims. He would say: 'Fight in the Name of Allah, in the cause of Allah. Fight those who disbelieve in Allah, and do not steal from the spoils of war or be treacherous, nor mutilate, and do not kill a child. When you meet your enemy among the idolaters, then call them to one of the three options or choices, whichever of them they respond to then accept it from them, and refrain from them. Call them to Islam, and to relocate from their land to the land of Emigrants. Inform them that if they do that, then they will have similar to what those who emigrated have, and from them will be required similar to what is required from those who have emigrated. And if they refuse to relocate, then inform them that they will be like the Bedouins among the Muslim, and they will be treated the same as Bedouins are treated. There is no war spoils or Fay' for them, unless they fight along with the Muslims. If they refuse then seek aid from Allah against them and fight them. And if you lay siege to a fortress and they want you to grant them covenant from Allah and a covenant of His Prophet, then do not grant them the covenant of Allah nor the covenant of His Prophet. Rather grant them your own covenant and the covenant of your companions, it will be better than breaking Allah's covenant and the covenant of His Messenger. And if you lay siege to the people of a fortress and they want you to lift the siege for negotiating upon the judgement of Allah, then do not stop, but rather make them surrender to your judgement, for you do not know if you will come upon the judgement of Allah regarding them or not.' Or similar to that." [Abu 'Eisa said:] There is something on this topic from An-Nu'man bin Muqarrin, and the Hadith of Buraidah is a Hasan Sahih Hadith
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1617
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، نَحْوَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَزَادَ فِيهِ ‏ ‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ وَكِيعٌ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، ‏.‏ وَرَوَى غَيْرُ، مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ، وَذَكَرَ، فِيهِ أَمْرَ الْجِزْيَةِ ‏.‏
"‏ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَخُذْ مِنْهُمُ الْجِزْيَةَ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ ‏"
Muhammad bin Bash-shar narrated to us (he said):

"Abu Ahmad narrated to us from Sufyan (who said): "Alqamah bin Marthad narrated to us' - and it is similar in its meaning, but he added in it: "if they refuse, then take the Jizyah from them, and it they refuse then seek aid from Allah against them." [Abu 'Eisa said:] This is how it was reported from Waki' and others from Sufyan. And other than Muhammad bin Bash-shar reported it from 'Abdur-Rahman bin Mahdi, and he mentioned the matter of the Jizyah in it.
Sahih
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1618
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ يُغِيرُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَ صَلاَةِ الْفَجْرِ فَإِنْ سَمِعَ أَذَانًا أَمْسَكَ وَإِلاَّ أَغَارَ فَاسْتَمَعَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَسَمِعَ رَجُلاً يَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ النَّارِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Anas bin Malik:

That the Prophet (ﷺ) would not attack except near the time of Fajr, so if he heard the Adhan he would refrain, and if not, then he would attack. So he listened one day and heard a man saying: "Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar," so he said: "Upon the Fitrah." Then he said: "I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah." So he said: "You have departed from the Fire."
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1618
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏
Another chain with similar narrations. [Abu 'Eisa said:

] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.