بَابُ الْيَمِينُ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ، فِي الأَمْوَالِ وَالْحُدُودِ
The Prophet ﷺ said, (that the plaintiff must have) “Two witnesses, otherwise (the defendant) should take the oath.”
Ibn Shubruma said, “When Abu Az-Zinad asked me my opinion about the verdict that one witness and the oath of the plaintiff are sufficient, I said, “Allah تعالى stated:
‘… And get two witnesses out of your own men. And if there are not two men (available), then a man and two women, such as you agree for witnesses, so that if one of them (two women) errs, the other can remind her…’ (V.2:282)
I added, “If one witness and the oath of the plaintiff were sufficient, there would be no need for one of the two women to remind the other.” وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «شَاهِدَاكَ أَوْ يَمِينُهُ».
وَقَالَ قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ ابْنِ شُبْرُمَةَ كَلَّمَنِي أَبُو الزِّنَادِ فِي شَهَادَةِ الشَّاهِدِ وَيَمِينِ الْمُدَّعِي فَقُلْتُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {وَاسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَامْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى}. قُلْتُ إِذَا كَانَ يُكْتَفَى بِشَهَادَةِ شَاهِدٍ وَيَمِينِ الْمُدَّعِي، فَمَا تَحْتَاجُ أَنْ تُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى، مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ بِذِكْرِ هَذِهِ الأُخْرَى